Knitted fabric



Nov. 17,1931. I v LOMBAR D. 1,831,963

KNITTED FABRIC Filed Bay 21. 1930 D E F ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 17, 1931ATENT. OFFICE VINCENT LOMBABCDI, OF BROOKLYN NEW YORK KNITTED FABRICApplication filed. m 21, mo. Serial No. 454,293.'

This invention relates to the manufacture of knitted fabrics with theobject in view of providing an improved knitted fabric consisting of aplurality of independent-yarns arranged in difl'erent manners indifferent parts of the fabric to produce a variety of pleasing patterneffects. In one embodiment of the invention the fabric may comprise-atleast three portions of different characteristics employing for exampletwo independent yarns. In one portion one yarn may be looped with thesecond yarn unlooped and lying in the rear of the fabric but drawn tautto cause the looped yarn to form a ridge; in a second portion the secondyarn may be looped with the first yarn unlooped and lying behind therear of the fabric but drawn taut to cause the looped yarn to form asecond ridge separated from the first ridge by the valley caused bychanging the knitting from the first yarn to the second yarn; and in athird portion to have alternate rows of loops of the two yarns. Thiscombination gives a very pleasing effect by means of which a variety ofpattern effects may be made prominent in the resulting fabric.

The invention will be better understood by reference to the followingdetailed description taken in connection with the accom panying drawingsin which Fig. 1 illustrates one pattern effect which may be produced bythis invention:

Fig. 2 illustrates a variation of the pattern effect of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 illustrates still another possible variation of the fabric ofFig. 1;

Fig. 4 represents the details of the looped and unlooped portions of theyarns making up the fabrics of Figs. 1, 2, or 3;

Fig. 5 represents schematically the thickness of the fabric in thevarious wales of the upper portion of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 represents schematically the thickness of the fabric in thevarious wales for the lower portion of Fig. 4; and

posed of two independent yarns 11 and 12 and is divided into threeportions, designated as A, B, and C. Each portion is three wales wideand in the A portion the yarn 12, for

exampleis formed into loops inthethreewales thereof while the yarn 11lies entirely behind all three wales of yarn 12. In the top part ofsection B the situation is just the reverse in that yarn 11 is formedinto loops in three wales while the yarn 12 is unlooped and liesentirely behind the three wales of the yarn 11. In section C both yarns11 and 12 are knitted into loops in alternate rows. This means that theloops in section B are twice the size of the loops in section 0. If wefollow yarn 12afor example, we will see that it forms large loops inthree wales in section A, lies behind the fabric in section B and formssmall loops in three wales in section C. Yarn 11a lies behind the loopsin section A, forms large loops in three wales in section B and formssmall loops in three wales in section C. The next passage of yarn 12 isdesignated 12b in Fig. 4 and it will be noted that the path of yarn 12bis the same as for yarn 12. Similarly yarn 11b corresponds to yarn 11a.If we proceed farther down the fabric itmay be noted that in one passageof am 11, called yarn 110, the said yarn is be ind the wales in sectionA but is formed in small loops in both sections B and C. Also onepassage of yarn 12, called yarn 120, the said yarn is formed in loops insection A and is formed in small loops in both sections B and C.

It may be assumed by way of example that yarn 11 is white and yarn 12 isblack. In order to obtain the desired effect, yarn 11 must be pulledfairly taut in section A which will cause the three wales of yarn 12 tobe bowed out to form a prominent ridge as shown in Fig. 5 where insection A yarn 11 is shown as a straight line sufficiently short thatthe three loops of yarn 12 are bowed out to give them prominence. Thatis if we assume that the three loops of yarn 12 would have a certainwidth lying fiat then the amount of yarn 11 allotted to lie behind thesaid loops is considerably shorter than said width, so that the saidloops are prevented from lying flat but 'of necessity must bulge outuntil their effective width equals the ength of yarn 11 lying behindthem. The manner in which yarn 11 is looped in adjacent sectionsprevents (yarn 11 in section A from being increase in len h to allow thesaid loops to lie flat. Simi arly the amount of yarn 12 in the up erortion of section B Fig. 4 is small enoug to ow out the loops of yarn 11theren as shown in section B, Fig. 5. In section C however, where bothyarns are formed into loops and the fabric is relatively flat ascompared with sections A and B, see Fig. 5. The relative thicknesses ofsections A, Band C for the lower portion of Fig. 4 which includes yarns110 and 120 is shown in Fi 6 where it and G are sues the opposite path.Due to the special feature of the shortness of yarn 11 in section A andthe shortness of yarn 12 in section B,

section A will constitute a black in color, while section a prominentridge white in color, with section C constituting a relatively flatportion mixed in colors. This gives the fabric three differentcharacteristics which may be used to vary the pattern design of thefabric in any way desired. 7

For example, ridges 8 of Fig. 1 may be of the white yarn 11, whileridges 9 may be of Erominent the black yarn 12 arranged in the mannershown in sections B and A of Flg. 4. Part 10 of Fig. 1 may correspond tothe flat type of knitting shown in section 0 Fig. 4. A difierentarrangement of the ridges'8 and 9 and fiat knitting 10 is shown in Fig.2 wherein the ridges 8 and 9 and the flat knitting 10 alternate inblocks of equal size. In Fig. 3 the major portion of the fabric is ofthe flat or 'ersey type 10 while the white ridges 8 and lack ridges 9are only a few rows in length as compared to Figs. 1 and 2. Figs. 1, 2,and 3 are merely illustrative of a wide variety of pattern effects thatmay be secured by the present invention.

In order that the ti ht yarn 11 behind the loops in section A of Fig. 4may produce'the desired bulge in the loops, the number of wales insection A should not exceed five or seven and the best results areobtained with only three wales or less. Any large number of wales insection A will defeat the pu ose, that is a pleasing bowed out effect 0the loops will not result. A similar considera tion applies to section Bof Fig. 4. 7

Another form that this invention may pos- .sess is shown in Fig. 7 wherethe fabric is-divided into three sections designated D, E and F. SectionD corresponds to section A of will constitute plurality of rows, saidfirst Fig. 4 and one yarn 21 is looped therein in three wales, while asecond yarn 20 lies behind the said loops in such a manner as to causethe said loops to be bowed out. In sec tion E the yarn 20 is. looped inthree wales while yarn 21 lies behind the wales, corresponding tosection B of Fig. 4. In section F however, loops of yarn 21 are formedbut the yarn 20 instead of lying entirely behind all the loops isinterlocked between the loops in alternate wales as described in detailin my U. S. Patent, N 0. 1,426,576 issued Aug.

22, 1922. Section F is therefore of the interlock type but does not forma ridge as section E or D although it will have a somewhat thicker apearance than the jersey stitch of section C ig. 4. In other words thedifference between the appearance of sections E and F are so marked thatthey may be used to give any pattern effect desired. The preferredlimitation of sections D and E to three wales or less does not of courseapply to section F which may be of a large number of wales. Thus themain body of the fabric may be like section F while isolated portionsmay be like section D or E. It is of course to be understood that stillanother portion of the fabric of Fig. 7 may comprise a jersey stitchsuch as in section G of Fig. 4 wherein both yarns 20 and 21 form loops.

It will be noted that in the lower part of Fig. 7 yarn 210 is formedinto 100 s in all three sections, while yarn 200 is entirely behind theloops in section D and is interlocked in alternate'wales in bothsections E and F.

The above described forms of the inven tion are given by way of examplesonly, and it is to be understood that the invention may possess stillother embodiments as defined in the appended claims.

The invention claimed is:

1. A knitted fabric of a plurality of independent jyarns, one portion ofsaid fabric comprisin one of said yarns looped in seven or less we esand in a plurality of rows, an other of said yarns in an unloopedportion passing entirely behind said loops of one row and in a directionat ri ht angles to one of said wales, said unlooped portion of yarnbeing of such a length that the loops of said one row are bowed out to adistance greater than the average thickness of the fabric to form aridge parallel to said wales even when the fabric as a whole is undermoderate ten- S1011.

2. A knitted fabric comprising a plurality of independent yarns, one ofsaid yarns forming loops in a-plurality of wales and a plurality of rowsin a first portion and in a second portion of the fabric, said portionsbeing separated by a third portion comprising a second yarn looped inseven or less wales and in a yarn being unlooped in. said third portionand being stretched entirely behind and across said seven or less wales,the length of said one yarn behind said wales be' substantially lessthan the total normal th of said wales to

